想要对于阿里云的RDS的mysql，去用mysqldump导出其中的一个database数据库的一个table表
参考之前写法，结果都是出错：
<code>[root@xx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump --host=your_host --port=port --user=root —-password=your_pwd --default-character-set=utf8 dbname keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql mysqldump: Got error: 1045: "Access denied for user 'root'@'ip' (using password: NO)" when trying to connect [root@xx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump -h your_host -P port -uroot —pyour_pwd dbanme keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql mysqldump: Got error: 1045: "Access denied for user 'root'@'ip' (using password: NO)" when trying to connect [root@xx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump -h your_host -P port -u root —p your_pwd dbanme keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql mysqldump: Got error: 1045: "Access denied for user 'root'@'ip' (using password: NO)" when trying to connect [root@xx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump -h your_host -P port -u root dbname keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql mysqldump: Got error: 1045: "Access denied for user 'root'@'ip' (using password: NO)" when trying to connect </code>
看到之前自己的写法是：
<code>[root@xx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# cat mysqldump_xxx.sh mysqldump -h your_host -P port -B dbanme -uroot -pYOUR_PWD | gzip > aliyun_mysql_xxx_20180427.sql.gz </code>
在去看了看help：
<code>[root@xxx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump --help mysqldump Ver 10.14 Distrib 5.5.56-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Dumping structure and contents of MySQL databases and tables. Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS] Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf The following groups are read: mysqldump client client-server client-mariadb The following options may be given as the first argument: --print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit. --no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file. --defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #. --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read. -A, --all-databases Dump all the databases. This will be same as --databases with all databases selected. -Y, --all-tablespaces Dump all the tablespaces. -y, --no-tablespaces Do not dump any tablespace information. --add-drop-database Add a DROP DATABASE before each create. --add-drop-table Add a DROP TABLE before each create. (Defaults to on; use --skip-add-drop-table to disable.) --add-locks Add locks around INSERT statements. (Defaults to on; use --skip-add-locks to disable.) --allow-keywords Allow creation of column names that are keywords. --apply-slave-statements Adds 'STOP SLAVE' prior to 'CHANGE MASTER' and 'START SLAVE' to bottom of dump. --character-sets-dir=name Directory for character set files. -i, --comments Write additional information. (Defaults to on; use --skip-comments to disable.) --compatible=name Change the dump to be compatible with a given mode. By default tables are dumped in a format optimized for MySQL. Legal modes are: ansi, mysql323, mysql40, postgresql, oracle, mssql, db2, maxdb, no_key_options, no_table_options, no_field_options. One can use several modes separated by commas. Note: Requires MySQL server version 4.1.0 or higher. This option is ignored with earlier server versions. --compact Give less verbose output (useful for debugging). Disables structure comments and header/footer constructs. Enables options --skip-add-drop-table --skip-add-locks --skip-comments --skip-disable-keys --skip-set-charset. -c, --complete-insert Use complete insert statements. -C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. -a, --create-options Include all MySQL specific create options. (Defaults to on; use --skip-create-options to disable.) -B, --databases Dump several databases. Note the difference in usage; in this case no tables are given. All name arguments are regarded as database names. 'USE db_name;' will be included in the output. -#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit. --debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit. --debug-info Print some debug info at exit. --default-character-set=name Set the default character set. --delayed-insert Insert rows with INSERT DELAYED. --delete-master-logs Delete logs on master after backup. This automatically enables --master-data. -K, --disable-keys '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name DISABLE KEYS */; and '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name ENABLE KEYS */; will be put in the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-disable-keys to disable.) --dump-slave[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename of the master to be appended to the dumped data output. Setting the value to 1, will printit as a CHANGE MASTER command in the dumped data output; if equal to 2, that command will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is specified too (in which case a global read lock is only taken a short time at the beginning of the dump - don't forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all cases any action on logs will happen at the exact moment of the dump.Option automatically turns --lock-tables off. -E, --events Dump events. -e, --extended-insert Use multiple-row INSERT syntax that include several VALUES lists. (Defaults to on; use --skip-extended-insert to disable.) --fields-terminated-by=name Fields in the output file are terminated by the given string. --fields-enclosed-by=name Fields in the output file are enclosed by the given character. --fields-optionally-enclosed-by=name Fields in the output file are optionally enclosed by the given character. --fields-escaped-by=name Fields in the output file are escaped by the given character. -F, --flush-logs Flush logs file in server before starting dump. Note that if you dump many databases at once (using the option --databases= or --all-databases), the logs will be flushed for each database dumped. The exception is when using --lock-all-tables or --master-data: in this case the logs will be flushed only once, corresponding to the moment all tables are locked. So if you want your dump and the log flush to happen at the same exact moment you should use --lock-all-tables or --master-data with --flush-logs. --flush-privileges Emit a FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement after dumping the mysql database. This option should be used any time the dump contains the mysql database and any other database that depends on the data in the mysql database for proper restore. -f, --force Continue even if we get an SQL error. -?, --help Display this help message and exit. --hex-blob Dump binary strings (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB) in hexadecimal format. -h, --host=name Connect to host. --ignore-table=name Do not dump the specified table. To specify more than one table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. Each table must be specified with both database and table names, e.g., --ignore-table=database.table. --include-master-host-port Adds 'MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>' to 'CHANGE MASTER TO..' in dump produced with --dump-slave. --insert-ignore Insert rows with INSERT IGNORE. --lines-terminated-by=name Lines in the output file are terminated by the given string. -x, --lock-all-tables Locks all tables across all databases. This is achieved by taking a global read lock for the duration of the whole dump. Automatically turns --single-transaction and --lock-tables off. -l, --lock-tables Lock all tables for read. (Defaults to on; use --skip-lock-tables to disable.) --log-error=name Append warnings and errors to given file. --master-data[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename to be appended to the output. If equal to 1, will print it as a CHANGE MASTER command; if equal to 2, that command will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is specified too (on servers before MariaDB 5.3 this will still take a global read lock for a short time at the beginning of the dump; don't forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all cases, any action on logs will happen at the exact moment of the dump. Option automatically turns --lock-tables off. --max-allowed-packet=# The maximum packet length to send to or receive from server. --net-buffer-length=# The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication. --no-autocommit Wrap tables with autocommit/commit statements. -n, --no-create-db Suppress the CREATE DATABASE ... IF EXISTS statement that normally is output for each dumped database if --all-databases or --databases is given. -t, --no-create-info Don't write table creation info. -d, --no-data No row information. -N, --no-set-names Same as --skip-set-charset. --opt Same as --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options, --quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys. Enabled by default, disable with --skip-opt. --order-by-primary Sorts each table's rows by primary key, or first unique key, if such a key exists. Useful when dumping a MyISAM table to be loaded into an InnoDB table, but will make the dump itself take considerably longer. -p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's solicited on the tty. -P, --port=# Port number to use for connection. --protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe, memory). -q, --quick Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout. (Defaults to on; use --skip-quick to disable.) -Q, --quote-names Quote table and column names with backticks (`). (Defaults to on; use --skip-quote-names to disable.) --replace Use REPLACE INTO instead of INSERT INTO. -r, --result-file=name Direct output to a given file. This option should be used in systems (e.g., DOS, Windows) that use carriage-return linefeed pairs (\r\n) to separate text lines. This option ensures that only a single newline is used. -R, --routines Dump stored routines (functions and procedures). --set-charset Add 'SET NAMES default_character_set' to the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-set-charset to disable.) --single-transaction Creates a consistent snapshot by dumping all tables in a single transaction. Works ONLY for tables stored in storage engines which support multiversioning (currently only InnoDB does); the dump is NOT guaranteed to be consistent for other storage engines. While a --single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log position), no other connection should use the following statements: ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE, TRUNCATE TABLE, as consistent snapshot is not isolated from them. Option automatically turns off --lock-tables. --dump-date Put a dump date to the end of the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-dump-date to disable.) --skip-opt Disable --opt. Disables --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options, --quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys. -S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection. --ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). --ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl). --ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-verify-server-cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default. -T, --tab=name Create tab-separated textfile for each table to given path. (Create .sql and .txt files.) NOTE: This only works if mysqldump is run on the same machine as the mysqld server. --tables Overrides option --databases (-B). --triggers Dump triggers for each dumped table. (Defaults to on; use --skip-triggers to disable.) --tz-utc SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' at top of dump to allow dumping of TIMESTAMP data when a server has data in different time zones or data is being moved between servers with different time zones. (Defaults to on; use --skip-tz-utc to disable.) -u, --user=name User for login if not current user. -v, --verbose Print info about the various stages. -V, --version Output version information and exit. -w, --where=name Dump only selected records. Quotes are mandatory. -X, --xml Dump a database as well formed XML. --plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins. --default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use. </code>
所以去试试：
<code>mysqldump -h your_host -P port -B dbanme keyword -uroot -pyour_pwd > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql </code>
好像没有提示之前错误，不过有：
<code>[root@xxx-general-01 for_bacup_mysql]# mysqldump -h your_host -P port -B dbanme keyword -uroot -ppwd > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705.sql mysqldump: Got error: 1049: "Unknown database 'keyword'" when selecting the database </code>
好像不是直接放table到db后面的？
经过一番调试和对比，最终发现是：
<code>--password </code>
中的第一个短横线是中文的短横线，不是英文的短横线
-》从VSCode中，选中一个英文的短横线，结果password的第一个没有被选中，才注意出来的：
-》后来放到VSCode的搜索框中，就容易看出不一样了：
长度明显不一样，但是文件编辑区域中，中英文的短横线，长度很难看出区别
-》其中：
正常登录的命令：
<code>mysqldump -h your_host -P port --user=root --password=your_pwd dbname keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705_2.sql </code>
-》其中的password的第一个短横线是（正常的）英文短横线
-》可以识别密码，正常登录和操作mysql
无法登录的命令：
<code>mysqldump --host=your_host --port=port --user=root —-password=your_pwd dbanme keyword > aliyun_rds_xxx_mysql_keyword_180705_3.sql </code>
-》其中的password的第一个短横线不是英文短横线
-》导致密码错误，无法登录和操作mysql
-〉而之所以会出现中文的短横线，是因为印象笔记搞的鬼：
【已解决】如何禁止Mac中印象笔记中自动合并两个连续英文短横线为单个中文短横线
【总结】
此次是由于Mac的自作聪明，导致把两个连续的短横线合并成单个中文短横线了，导致mysqldump没法识别正常的
–password
导致报错：
<code>mysqldump: Got error: 1045: "Access denied for user 'root'@'xxx' (using password: NO)" when trying to connect </code>
解决办法很简单：
确保参数前面的2个短横线是英文的短横线。
而彻底避免之后的2个短横线再被合并替换，则需要去：（不是印象笔记的事情，是Mac的OS的事情）Mac系统中：
系统偏好设置-》键盘-〉文本-》取消选择：使用智能引号和破折号
即可。
转载请注明：在路上 » 【已解决】mysqldump导出mysql中某个数据库的某个表始终出错：Got error 1045: Access denied for user root@IP using password: NO when trying to connect