之前已通过pip去安装好了Django，现在接着参考： Getting Started with Django – Introduction and Tutorial （之前页面已失效：Writing your first Django app, part 1）
去折腾第一个django的app：
1.创建名为firstApp的项目：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp>django-admin.py startproject firstApp E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp>
2. 然后，验证是否正常工作：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>dir
驱动器 E 中的卷是 Develop
卷的序列号是 0003-B490
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp 的目录
2012/10/14 18:39 <DIR> .
2012/10/14 18:39 <DIR> ..
2012/10/14 18:39 <DIR> firstApp
2012/10/14 18:39 261 manage.py
1 个文件 261 字节
3 个目录 2,133,356,544 可用字节
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py runserver
Validating models...
0 errors found
Django version 1.4.1, using settings 'firstApp.settings'
Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.可见，是可以正常工作的。
3.去访问： http://127.0.0.1:8000/ 可以看到Django已经正常运行了： 
4.然后去把
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\firstApp\settings.py
中的配置改为自己的：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': 'E:/Dev_Root/WebServer/Django/fisrtApp/firstApp/firstApp/db/sqlite3_firstApp.db', # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
'USER': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
'PASSWORD': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
'HOST': '', # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
}
}
# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
#TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'5. 接着再去运行manage.py syncdb：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py syncdb Creating tables ... Creating table auth_permission Creating table auth_group_permissions Creating table auth_group Creating table auth_user_user_permissions Creating table auth_user_groups Creating table auth_user Creating table django_content_type Creating table django_session Creating table django_site You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined. Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes Username (leave blank to use 'administrator'): admin E-mail address: green-waste@163.com Password: Password (again): Superuser created successfully. Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)
相应的，也看到了
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\firstApp\db
下面有了db文件：sqlite3_firstApp.db
6. 然后去启动poll的app：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py startapp polls E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>
然后再给models.py添加内容，变为：
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Poll(models.Model):
question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
class Choice(models.Model):
poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
choice = models.CharField(max_length=200)
votes = models.IntegerField()再添加到settings.py中：
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
# 'django.contrib.admin',
# Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
# 'django.contrib.admindocs',
'polls',
)再接着运行：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py sql polls
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE "polls_poll" (
"id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"question" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"pub_date" datetime NOT NULL
)
;
CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" (
"id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"poll_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "polls_poll" ("id"),
"choice" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"votes" integer NOT NULL
)
;
COMMIT;然后又试了一堆命令：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py validate
0 errors found
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py sqlcustom polls
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py sqlclear polls
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py sqlindexes polls
BEGIN;
CREATE INDEX "polls_choice_763e883" ON "polls_choice" ("poll_id");
COMMIT;
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py sqlall polls
BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE "polls_poll" (
"id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"question" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"pub_date" datetime NOT NULL
)
;
CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" (
"id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"poll_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "polls_poll" ("id"),
"choice" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"votes" integer NOT NULL
)
;
CREATE INDEX "polls_choice_763e883" ON "polls_choice" ("poll_id");
COMMIT;
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>接着同步数据库：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py syncdb Creating tables ... Creating table polls_poll Creating table polls_choice Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)
然后测试了添加一个poll：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py shell Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 12 2011, 14:24:46) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. (InteractiveConsole) >>> from polls.models import Poll,Choice >>> Poll.objects.all() [] >>> from django.utils import timezone >>> p = Poll(question="What's new?", pub_date=timezone.now()) >>> p.save() >>> p.id 1 >>> p.question "What's new?" >>> p.pub_date datetime.datetime(2012, 10, 14, 12, 46, 24, 445000, tzinfo=<UTC>) >>> p.question = "What's up?" >>> p.save() >>> Poll.objects.all() [<Poll: Poll object>] >>>
然后继续试了试，都是正常的：
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py shell
Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 12 2011, 14:24:46) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from polls.models import Poll,Choice
>>> Poll.objects.all()
[<Poll: What's up?>]
>>> Poll.objects.filter(id=1)
[<Poll: What's up?>]
>>> Poll.objects.filter(question__startswith='What')
[<Poll: What's up?>]
>>> Poll.objects.get(pub_date__year=2012)
<Poll: What's up?>
>>> Poll.objects.get(id=2)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 131, in get
return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
File "E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 366, in get
% self.model._meta.object_name)
DoesNotExist: Poll matching query does not exist.
>>> Poll.objects.get(pk=1)
<Poll: What's up?>
>>> p = Poll.objects.get(pk=1)
>>> p.was_published_recently()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\models.py", line 11, in was_published_recently
return self.pub_date >= (timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1));
NameError: global name 'timezone' is not defined
>>> p.was_published_recently()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
File "E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\models.py", line 11, in was_published_recently
def was_published_recently(self):
NameError: global name 'timezone' is not defined
>>> ^Z
E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py shell
Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 12 2011, 14:24:46) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> from polls.models import Poll,Choice
>>> p = Poll.objects.get(pk=1)
>>> p.was_published_recently()
True
>>> p = Poll.objects.get(pk=1)
>>> p.choce_set.all()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'Poll' object has no attribute 'choce_set'
>>> p.choice_set.all()
[]
>>> p.choice_set.create(choice='Not much', votes=0)
<Choice: Not much>
>>> p.choice_set.create(choice='The sky', votes=0)
<Choice: The sky>
>>> c = p.choice_set.create(choice='Just hacking again', votes=0)
>>> c.poll
<Poll: What's up?>
>>> p.choice_set.all()
[<Choice: Not much>, <Choice: The sky>, <Choice: Just hacking again>]
>>> p.choice_set.count()
3
>>> Choice.objects.filter(poll__pub_date__year=2012)
[<Choice: Not much>, <Choice: The sky>, <Choice: Just hacking again>]
>>> c = p.choice_set.filter(choice__startswith='Just hacking')
>>> c.delete()
>>>至此，第一个app，就结束了。